Kev Hloov Hauv Kev Hloov Hauv Kev Hloov

Early Transplantation

Tej cov earliest kaw me nyuam no ntawm cov pob txha transplantation hnub rov qab mus rau nruab nrab hnub nyoog. Thaum koj yuav xav txog tej yam, cov bravery ntawm cov neeg mob thawj thiab cov kws kho mob deb surpassed cov sophistication ntawm cov tshuaj muaj rau lawv thaum ntawd.

Nyob rau lub caij 19th xyoo pua renowned Swiss surgeon Jacques-Louis Reverdin tau tus thawj daim tawv nqaij transplant. No txhob paved txoj kev rau tus thawj vam meej graft, uas yog tau nyob rau hauv Denmark hauv 1870.

Thawj organ Transplant

Nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj 17, 1950, Dr. cai Richard Lawler, Dr. James West thiab Dr. Raymond Murphy tau tus thawj zoo raum transplant ntawm lub tuam txhab mary tsev kho mob, Evergreen Park, IL.

Tus neeg mob, Ruth Tucker, yog ib tug 49 xyoo uas polycystic raum (PKD). Ob lub ruth lub raum yuav tsum tau mov los ntawm PKD, ib functioned ntawm tsuas 10% thiab lwm yam tsis muaj functioned. Ruth tus niam thiab tus muam muaj ob leeg tuag los ntawm PKD thiab vim dialysis twb tsis tau lug muaj, Ruth paub ib lub raum transplant yog nws tsuas xaiv kom ciaj sia tuaj.

Cov ntaub so ntswg typing puas tau tsis nyob ua ib ke lub sij hawm no, ces organ xaiv rau transplants yog raws li kev yooj yim heev xws li txivneej los pojniam, ntshav, thiab nrhiav ib tug donor roughly tib hnub nyoog thiab lub cev loj li tus neeg tau txais kev pab. Ib match suitable nyob rau Ruth tom qab 5 lub lis piam uas tos hauv lub tsev kho mob; Nws pub tuag ntawm cirrhosis ntawm daim siab. Nyob rau hauv kev sib tham tom qab qhov phais, Dr. Lawler, commented: "tsis tus zoo tagnrho [donor] tus neeg mob, tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws peb yuav nrhiav tau."

Dr. Lawler tau ob peb xyaum ua tej yam transplants hauv dev thiab txhais cov kev paub nws gained ua Ruth transplant phais. Nrog roughly 40 lwm cov kws kho mob saib rau, Dr. Lawler thiab nws pab neeg ua tiav cov txheej txheem tsis pub dhau 45 feeb tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub raum. Ruth tawm ntawm lub tsev kho mob 30 hnub tom qab ntawd.

Vim hais tias cov nqaij mos typing thiab immunosuppressive kab mob twg tsis nyob ua ib ke lub sij hawm no, Ruth lub raum tshiab yog muab tso tseg los ntawm nws lub cev thiab yuav tsum tau raug tshem tawm 10 lub hlis tom qab phais. Txawm li ntawd los, vim hais tias cov transplanted raum functioned ua ntej yuav tsum raug tshem tawm, nws pab restore function hauv Ruth lub raum ntxiv raum thiab pub nws nyob lwm 5 xyoos.

Kawm tau zoo nyob rau hauv Organ Transplantation

Thaum tsuas 23 xyoos, cai Richard Herrick yog tuag. Tom qab nws discharge ntawm tus ntug dej hiav txwv ceev xwm, cai Richard mus tsev rau Massachusetts yuav tsum nrog nws tsev neeg thaum nws tau kuaj nrog rau lub raum. Thaum lub sij hawm, qhov mob no yog ib kab lus tuag thiab los ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj 1954 nws kho mob yog deteriorating. Feem ntau transplant hloov lub sij hawm no tau biological kwv tij neej tsa ntawm tus neeg tau txais kev pab kom txo qhov uas yuav muaj kabmob rejection. Luckily, cai Richard muaj ib tug ntxaib identical ntxaib, Ronald.  

Ib pab neeg hauv zos cov kws kho mob nyob Boston Peter Bent Brigham tsev kho mob muaj twb ntse tiav hauv tib neeg lub raum grafts, ib txhia uas functioned rau hnub los txawm lub hlis, lawv twb kam sim cov transplant ntawm cai Richard thiab Ronald. Nyob rau lub hlis ntuj nqeg 1954 cov neeg phais, coj los Dr. Joseph E. Murray transplanted ib lub raum ntawm Ronald rau nws tus ntxaib ntxaib cai Richard; Txij thaum pub thiab neeg tau genetically identical, lub raum twb tsis muab tso tseg, thiab txoj kev yog ib tug zoo.

Kev kho tshiab hauv Transplant

Nyob rau lub caij 1960 pancreas, siab thiab lub plawv transplants tau ntse tau, tab sis tej zaum rau rejection ntawm transplanted organs txwv cov transplants tau rau ob xyoo lawm. Kev kho mob hauv txoj kev tiv thaiv thiab kho rejection -specifically cov tshuaj immunosuppressant tshuaj cyclosporine – coj mus ntau transplants. Thaum 1986 transplants tau ntau npaum li cas, 9,000 lub raum transplants tau tau xyoo ntawd nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas uas muaj ib tug ciaj sia taus tus nqi ntawm 85% thawj xyoo.